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ED CRAIG. www.weldreality.com.

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CSA Steels and Standards

Advanced TIP TIG Welding
TIP TIG Welding is always better quality than TIG and 100 to 500% faster with superior quality than TIG - MIG - FCAW.

 
 
   

 

Written by Ed Craig
www.weldreality.com




As changes to this site are frequent
please refresh before reading

CSA Steels

 

As with all the steel data this is a guide only no warranteies
are given on data accuracy or on omissions


CAN3-G40.20-M81 REQUIREMENTS FOR ROLLED WELDED STRUCTURAL STEELS
CAN3-G40.21-M81 STRUCTURAL STEELS
G30.12.M BILLET STEEL BARS CONCRETE REINFORCEMENT
G30.16M WELDABLE LOW ALLOY STEEL DEFORMED BARS CONCRETE
G164 HOT DIP GALVANIZED
G189 SPRAYED METAL COATING.

CSA CLASS G40.21M (260W) THREE DIGITS = MINIMUM YIELD IN MPa (260 MPa)
Metric Conversion 1000 psi = ksi x 6.894 = MPa
1 MPa = 145.03 psi

CSA CLASS G40.21M (260W) LETTERS W-G-Q-T-R-A = Steel Characteristics

CSA (W) Weldable construction steel impact properties not considered.
CSA (G) General construction steels weld under controlled conditions.
CSA (T) Weldable with good impact properties.
CSA (WT) Welable Notch Tough Steels
CSA (R) Atmospherica corrosion Resistant Weathering Steels.
CSA (A) Weathering steels with good impact properties.
CSA (AT) Atmospheric Corrosion Resistant Weldable Notch Tough steels.
CSA (Q) Quenched Tempered Low Alloy Steels
CSA (QT) Quenched Tempered Low Alloy Notch Tough Steel Plate.




Steels Yield
 ksi
 
Tensile
 ksi
MPa
DescriptionPreheat Post heat UNSChemistry
weld data
CSA 23OG 33 55-72 Construction steels  

carb 0.26
Mn 1.2
Si 0.4
E6010-11
E70XX
E70S-3-6
E71T-1

CSA 260 T 37  65-85    

carb 0.2
Mn 0.5-1.5

E70XX
E70S-3-6
E71T-1

CSA 260 W SEE
260 T 
 Note CSA 260W
260WT - 300W compare with ASTM A36
 

 

carb 0.2
Mn 0.5/1.5

E70XX
E70S-3-6
E71T-1

 

 


CSA SMAW SPEC W48.1M
E410XX = 60K Tensile
E480XX = 70 K Tensile

CSA SMAW SPEC W48.38 Low Alloy Mpa Tensiles.
E480 - E550 (80k) - E620 (90k) - E690 (100k) E760 (110k)

Metric Conversion 1000 psi = ksi x 6.894 = MPa 1 MPa = 145.03 psi

CSA Flux Cored Spec W48.5M. - C
SA Sub Arc W48.6M

 

 

 

SMAW and GMAW Mechanical Strength
E6010 Minimum Yield 50,000 psi Minimum Tensile 62,000 psi.
E6011 Minimum Yield 50,000 psi Minimum Tensile 62,000 psi.
E7010 Minimum Yield 60,000 psi Minimum Tensile 72,000 psi.
E7018 Minimum Yield 60,000 psi Minimum Tensile 72,000 psi.

MIG E70S-3-6 Minimum Yield 60,000 psi Minimum Tensile 72,000 psi.




Mechanical Strength of Gas Shielded Flux Cored Electrodes from the
ANSI/AWS A5.29. 1198 Specification
Low Alloy Steel Electrodes for Flux Cored Arc Welding

 

Steels Yield
 ksi
 
Tensile
 ksi
MPa
DescriptionPreheat Post heat UNSChemistry
weld data
CSA 300T4365-90Weldable steels with good impacts 

carb 0.22
Mn 0.8-1.5
Si 0.4
E70XX
E70S-3-6
E71T-1

CSA 300WSee
300T
Weldable construction steel impact properties not considered.

300W- 300WT-350WT - 350A -350AT-380W-380WT check
ASTM A441
ASTM A500C
   

carb 0.22
Mn0.5-1.5
Si 0.4

E70XX
E70S-3-6
E71T-1

CSA 350G50 70-100Note CSA 260W
260WT - 300W compare with
 

 

carb 0.28 max
Mn 1.65 max
Si 0.4

E70XX
E70S-3-6
E71T-1

 


CSA CLASS G40.21M (260W) THREE DIGITS = MINIMUM YIELD IN MPa (260 MPa)
Metric Conversion 1000 psi = ksi x 6.894 = MPa. 1 MPa = 145.03 psi

CSA CLASS G40.21M (260W) LETTERS W-G-Q-T-R-A = Steel Characteristics

CSA (W) Weldable construction steel impact properties not considered.
CSA (G) General construction steels weld under controlled conditions.
CSA (T) Weldable with good impact properties.
CSA (WT) Welable Notch Tough Steels
CSA (R) Atmospherica corrosion Resistant Weathering Steels.
CSA (A) Weathering steels with good impact properties.
CSA (AT) Atmospheric Corrosion Resistant Weldable Notch Tough steels.
CSA (Q) Quenched Tempered Low Alloy Steels
CSA (QT) Quenched Tempered Low Alloy Notch Tough Steel Plate


Steels Yield
 ksi
 
Tensile
 ksi
MPa
DescriptionPreheat Post heat UNSChemistry
weld data
CSA 350W5065-90

300W- 300WT-350WT - 350A -350AT-380W-380WT check
ASTM A441
ASTM A500C

IF WELDING UNPAINTED WEATHERING STEELS CONSIDER
E8018 W
E80T1-W

 

carb 0.28 max
Mn 0.5 /1.5
Si 0.4
E70XX
E70S-3-6
E71T-1

CSA 350T5070-95    

carb 0.22
Mn0.8-1.5
Si 0.4

E70XX
E70S-3-6
E71T-1

CSA 350A50 70-95300W- 300WT-350WT - 350A -350AT-380W-380WT check
ASTM A441
ASTM A500C
 

 

carb 0.8 max
Mn 0.75/1.35
Cr 0.7
Ni 0.9
Cu 0.2 / 0.6

E70XX
E70S-3-6
E71T-1
For weathering
E8018W


CSA CLASS G40.21M (260W) THREE DIGITS = MINIMUM YIELD IN MPa (260 MPa)
Metric Conversion 1000 psi = ksi x 6.894 = MPa
1 MPa = 145.03 psi

CSA CLASS G40.21M (260W) LETTERS W-G-Q-T-R-A = Steel Characteristics

CSA (W) Weldable construction steel impact properties not considered.
CSA (G) General construction steels weld under controlled conditions.
CSA (T) Weldable with good impact properties.
CSA (WT) Welable Notch Tough Steels
CSA (R) Atmospherica corrosion Resistant Weathering Steels.
CSA (A) Weathering steels with good impact properties.
CSA (AT) Atmospheric Corrosion Resistant Weldable Notch Tough steels.
CSA (Q) Quenched Tempered Low Alloy Steels
CSA (QT) Quenched Tempered Low Alloy Notch Tough Steel Plate

Steels Yield
 ksi
 
Tensile
 ksi
MPa
DescriptionPreheat Post heat UNSChemistry
weld data
CSA 350R5070-95 

carb 0.16
Mn 0.75
Si 0.75
Cr 0.3 /1.25
Ni 0.9
Cu 0.2 /0.6
E8018W

CSA 400G5880 - 105
   

carb 0.28 MAX
Mn 1.65
Si 0.4 MAX

E70XX
E70S-3-6
E71T-1

CSA 400W5875-100400W - 400WT -400A - 400AT check
ASTM A572-60-65 A607-60-65
  carb 0.23
Mn0.5 - 1.5
Si 0.4
E70XX
CSA 400T5875-100   carb 0.22max
Mn 0.8-1.5
Si 0.4

E70XX
E70S-3-6
E71T-1
CSA 400A58 75-100400W - 400WT -400A - 400AT check
ASTM A572-60-65 A607-60-65
 

 

carb 0.2max
Mn 0.75-1.35
Cr 0.7
Ni 0.9
Cu 0.2 0.6

E8018W





CSA ELECTRODE SPECIFICATION:
CSA SMAW SPEC W48.1M
E410XX = 60K Tensile
E480XX = 70 K Tensile

CSA SMAW SPEC W48.38 Low Alloy Mpa Tensiles
E480 - E550 (80k) - E620 (90k) - E690 (100k) E760 (110k)

Metric Conversion 1000 psi = ksi x 6.894 = MPa 1 MPa = 145.03 psi

CSA Flux Cored Spec W48.5M
CSA Sub Arc W48.6M



SMAW and GMAW Mechanical Strength
E6010 Minimum Yield 50,000 psi Minimum Tensile 62,000 psi.
E6011 Minimum Yield 50,000 psi Minimum Tensile 62,000 psi.
E7010 Minimum Yield 60,000 psi Minimum Tensile 72,000 psi.
E7018 Minimum Yield 60,000 psi Minimum Tensile 72,000 psi.

MIG E70S-3-6 Minimum Yield 60,000 psi Minimum Tensile 72,000 psi.





Mechanical Strength of Gas Shielded Flux Cored Electrodes from the
ANSI/AWS A5.29. 1198 Specification
Low Alloy Steel Electrodes for Flux Cored Arc Welding

 

AWS ClassificationTensile 
ksi
Tensile MPaYield 
ksi
Yield
Mpa
E6XTX-X-XM60 - 80410 - 55050340
E7XTX-X-XM70 - 90480 - 62058400
E8XTX-X-XM80 - 100550 - 69068470
E9XTX-X-XM90 - 110620 - 76078540
E10XTX-K9-K9MSEE SPEC 88610
(M) means an argon mix req,  75 to 80 argon balance CO2All DCEP E71T-1
Second number
1 = all position
E70T-1
Second number
0 = flat and horizontal
 





What is Brittleness? The ease at which the weld or metal will break or crack without appreciable deformation. When a metal gets harder it becomes more brittle. Preheat, inter-pass temp controls and post heat all are designed to reduce the potential for brittleness.


Welding alloy steels often may require unique weld or heat treat considerations. Compare CSA steels chemistry and mechanicals with a standard A36 steel or ASTM designations provided. Remember this site is only a guide, weld responsibility starts with "you" First verify the weld consumable and then the material heat treat recommendations.

 

 

Steels Yield
 ksi
 
Tensile
 ksi
MPa
DescriptionPreheat Post heat UNSChemistry
weld data
CSA 480W7085-115Check ASTM A607-70 

carb 0.26max
Mn 0.5-1.5
Si 0.4

CSA 480T7085-115   

carb 0.26
Mn 0.8-1.5

E8018

CSA 480A70 85 - 115  

 

carb 0.2 max
Mn 1-1.6
Cr 0.7
Ni 0.25 - 0.5
Cu0.2-0.6

E8018W

CSA 700Q > 101CSA 700QT - 77Q ASTM A514 A517   carb 0.2max
Mn 1.5
Si 0.15 - 0.35
boron <0.005

E11018-M





What is Yield Strength?. The stress that can be applied to a base metal or weld without "permanent deformation is the yield strangth" of the metal.

The Tensile Strength is the maximum tensile strength that the metal or weld can with stand before "failure occurs".

 



STRESS RELIEVING (SR) BASIC GUIDELINES:

  • STRESS RELIEF - CONTROLLED HEATING & COOLING TO REDUCE STRESS.
  • STRESS RELIEF MACHINED PARTS FOR DIMENSIONAL STABILITY.
  • STRESS RELIEF SLOW HEATING AND COOLING REQUIRED
  • CONFIRM WITH CODE SPECIFICAIONS FOR STRESS RELIEF REQUIREMENTS.




TYPICAL STRESS RELIEF SOAK TIME
ONE HOUR PER INCH OF THICKNESS

SR HEAT & COOL RATE PER HOUR 400oF 204oC DIVIDE THICKER PART
PARTS OF DIFFERENT THICKNESSES
SR MAX TEMP DIFFERENCE 75oF 24oC
STRESS RELIEF CARBON STEELS 1100oF 593oC
TO 1250oF 677oC
STRESS RELIEF CARBON 0.5% Mo
1100oF 593oC TO 1250oF 677oC
SR 1% CHROME 0.5% Mo
1150oF 621oC TO 1325oF 718oC
SR 1.25 % CHROME 0.5% Mo
1150oF 621oC TO 1325oF 718oC
SR 2% CHROME 0.5% Mo
1150oF 621oC TO 1325oF 718oC
SR 2.25 % CHROME 1% Mo
1200oF 649oC TO 1375oF 746oC
SR 5% CHROME 0.5% Mo
1200oF 649oC TO 1375oF 746oC
SR 7% CHROME 0.5% Mo
1300oF 704oC TO 1400oF 760oC
SR 9% CHROME 1% Mo
1300oF 704oC TO 1400oF 760oC
SR 12% CHROME 410 STEEL
1550oF 843oC TO 1600oF 871oC
SR 16% CHROME 430 STEEL
1400oF 760oC TO 1500oF 815oC
SR 9% NICKEL
1025oF 552oC TO 1085oF 585oC
FOR 300 SERIES STAINLESS SR WILL
RESULT IN CARBIDE PRECIPITATION
WITH LOW CARBON 300 SERIES
MAX SR 1050oF 566oC
SR 400 SERIES CLAD STAINLESS
1100oF 593oC TO 1350oF 732oC
SR CLAD MONEL INCONEL Cu NICKEL
1150oF 621oC TO 1200oF 649oC
STRESS RELIEF MAGNESIUM AZ31B 0
500oF 260oC 15 MIN
STRESS RELIEF MAGNESIUM AZ31B
H24 300oF 149oC 60 MIN

HK31A H24 550oF 288oC 30 MIN

HM21A T8-T81 700oF 371oC 30 MIN

MAGNESIUM WITH MORE THAN 1.5%
ALUMINUM STRESS RELIEF
MAGNESIUM CAST ALLOYS AM100A
500oF 260oC 60 MIN
AZ-63A 81A 91C & 92A
500oF 260oC 60 MIN
 


When steels are quenched and tempered, to match properties
electrode selection and heat treatment recommendations will be critical.

 

    What is Fatigue?The ability of a metal or weld to withstand repeated loads. Fatigue failures occur at stress levels less than the metal or weld yield strength. Some things that can influence fatigue failure:

    • Excess weld profiles.
    • Welds which cause undercut.
    • FCAW or SMAW slag inclusions or porosity.
    • Lack of weld penetration.
    • Excess weld heat, typically from multi-pass welds without inter-pass temp controls.
    • Items to a part that adds restraint while welding.
    • Items added to a part that can concentrate stresses in a specific location.
    • Incorrect selection of filler metal, weld too weak or weld too strong.

    What is Hardness?The resistance of the metal or the weld to penetration. Hardness is related to the strength of the metal. A good way to test a weld after the weld and heat treatment are complete, is to test the hardness of weld and the base metal surrounding the weld.

    What is Ductility? The amount that a metal or weld will deform without breaking. Measured on welds by the % of elongation in a 2 inch 51 mm test piece. An E71T-1 flux cored electrode should result in a minimum of 20% elongation. An E70S--6 MIG weld should produce approx 22%.

    What si Toughness?The ability of the metal or weld sample at a predetermined temperature to withstand a shock.
    The test for toughness measures the impact of a pendulum on a notched specimen. You may see that the required impact properties for the metal or weld are 20ft-lbf @ -20 F (27 j @ -29C)

    If you are welding a carbon steel and you don't know what the composition is or what the weld consumable should be, try the following:

    • If the metal is thicker than 6 mm preheat to 150F.
    • Use either an E7018 stick electrode, an 0.035 or 0.045 E70S-6 MIG wire. For your all position welds an E71T-1 electrode wire.
    • For MIG welding use an argon 10 to 15% CO2 mix.
    • For flux cored use a mix with 20 to 25% CO2.
    • Ensure with multi-pass welds you use inter-pass temp control. Ensure the inter-pass temp weld temperature does not exceed 200F.
    • If possible do destructive test of a weld sample.
    • If possible have the hardness and grain size checked after welding.



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